William Bratton and the Nypd - 12122 Words

yale case 07-015 rev. february 12, 2008 William Bratton and the NYPD Crime Control through Middle Management Reform Andrea R. Nagy1 Joel Podolny2 William Bratton, commissioner of the New York Police Department from 1994 to 1996, presided over a dramatic decline in the city’s crime rate. Hired by Mayor Rudolph Giuliani as part of a new crime fighting initiative, Bratton embraced the â€Å"broken windows† theory that had made him so successful as chief of the city’s transit police. According to this theory, when a community ignores small offenses such as a broken window on a parked car, larger offenses such as burglary, robbery, and assault inevitably follow. Conversely, serious crime can be prevented if a community polices the little†¦show more content†¦First, between 1890 and 1930, the management of the police force was centralized. Virtually every decision had to go to the top for approval, with the goal of limiting the low-level officer’s exposure to temptation. To reinforce the hierarchy, specialized units were created to deal with such problems as drugs, youth, guns, and gangs. As Brat ton described it, [The department] was divided into little fiefdoms, and some bureau chiefs didn’t even talk to each other†¦. Each bureau was like a silo: Information entered at the bottom and had to be delivered up the chain of command from one level to another until it reached the chief’s office. 4 But centralization did not solve the problem of corruption, and it added the problem of inefficiency, because the bureaucracy was not capable of responding to the individual needs of different neighborhoods. â€Å"The reflexive solution to every police problem was more centralization and stronger controls,† according to criminologist George Kelling. But as the years went on, centralization became an end in itself, and even chiefs who wanted to make changes could not, for fear that they would be labeled soft on corruption. 5 Then, between 1930 and 1970, a second reform movement applied a scientific management model to the NYPD. The goal was to reduce policing to standard rules and routines. In essence, patrol officers became factory workers who performed simple,Show MoreRelatedNypd801 Words   |  4 Pagescommissioner in 1994, William Bratton has transformed NYPD into an effective deterrent of crime through a series of strategic organizational changes. Crime rate in New York has decreased by 25.9% in just a year compared to the average national rate of 5.4%. Now, NYPD’s results oriented strategy needs to sustain its momentum and continue to produce results, despite falling budgets, labor disputes and difficulty in getting resources allocated. In this paper, I will review the challenges Bratton faced, analyzeRead MoreBlack Male And Caucasian Police Officer Essay1489 Words   |  6 PagesStaten Island, New York City. Within the department I was surprised on female African American NYPD Sargent Kis sy Adoni on how she did not intervene. As a result of Garner s death, Police Commissioner William Bratton ordered an extensive review of the NYPD s training procedures, specifically focusing on the appropriate amount of force that can be used while detaining a suspect. According to CBS New York Bratton stated â€Å"we are not targeting communities of color, we are targeting behavior. Also that policingRead MoreZero Tolerance Policing2958 Words   |  12 PagesPolicing in Practice: the ‘New York Miracle’ 3 Zero Tolerance Policing: A Cost/Benefit Analysis 4 Reflection 8 Conclusion 9 Reference List 10 Introduction The election of Rudolph Giuliani as Mayor of New York City in 1993 and the appointment of William Bratton as NYC Police Commissioner in January 1994 ushered in a process of vigorous organisational ‘re-engineering’ (to use Bratton’s term) in the New York Police Department, resulting in the development of what is known as the Zero Tolerance PolicingRead MoreEssay about Crime and Police Department962 Words   |  4 Pagescontrols and take charge from that aspect. This implementation was a good method to reduce neighborhood fear and prevent crimes (Broken Windows). The third idea was implemented by Commissioner William Bratton. The Compstat program started by a management team in New York in which commissioner William Bratton was appointed as head of the police department to incorporate the Compstat model. The model was a basic process on how to collect abstract information and analyze data. He invested in his staffRead More Depicting the Various Traits and Characteristics of Leadership in Literature4045 Words   |  17 Pagesleadership.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Leadership is portrayed at its pinnacle in William Bratton’s Turnaround, Rudolph Giuliani’s book Leadership, Oren Harari’s book The Leadership Secrets of Colin Powell, and David Lipsky’s book Absolutely American: Four Years at West Point. In each of these works, the author does an exceptional job of depicting the various traits and characteristics necessary for being a powerful and effective leader.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   William Bratton, born and raised in Boston, was appointed as New York City’sRead MoreStop And Frisk Final Outline2670 Words   |  11 PagesTerry v. Ohio Is now walking down the New York City street in jeopardy? Are all men created equal? Mayor Bill de Blasio the first candidate opposed to the Stop and Frisk policy The Impact of Stop and Frisk on Individuals. Police Commissioner William J. Bratton â€Å"NYPD is the most racially diverse police force in the world† Conclusion: Summarized the argument. Recommendations. Communities Taking Action What should the mayor do to improve the efficiency of Stop and Frisk? What changes do the Hispanic andRead MoreThe Law Enforcement Oath Of Honor1540 Words   |  7 Pagesthat was conducted with the NYPD Commissioner William Bratton he stated that:â€Å"Policing is always such a profession that is going to have potential danger. That is the reality of it. †¦ The anger and the hatred and the violence directed against our police officers that every year takes more a hundred of their lives. So, I think we need to broaden the conversation to include the dangers being directed against them also.† (New York Police Department Commissioner William Bratton, CBS News) These are theRead MoreNecessity Of Reform Throughout Police Culture1651 Words   |  7 Pagesperpetuating a culture in which the everyday average civilian fears an officer of the law, more then they respect or trust them. In the 1973 true to life movie â€Å"Serpico†, Frank Serpico is ostracized from the rest of the New York City Police Department (NYPD), after he had testified in court against his fellow officers for being corrupt and for taking bribe money from drug dealers. Serpico dealt with the harsh problems that whistle blowers in law enforcement face, and it is not a harmless matter to beRead MoreStop And Frisk During The United States1894 Words   |  8 Pagesmonitoring urban environments in a well ordered condition may stop further vandalism and escalation into most serious crime. Stop and Frisk practice raise serious concerns over racial profiling, illegal stops and privacy rights. According to William J. Bratton On average from 2002 to 2013 the number of individuals stopped and Frisked without any convictions was 87.6%. However, out of that 87.6% around 23% were black, 24% were Hispanic. And during all this stops the police officers recorded usingRead MoreImproving Police Community Relations Between Police And The Community Essay2309 Words   |  10 Pagesin NYC is non-existent and that police officers and the NYPD in general do not take community/police relationship seriously, but the problem is that must of the time the community simply does not want to get involved. For some time now the NYPD has tried to go back to community policing, but how can they when the members of the precinct’s population do not get involved in positive relations with the police. People can not just expects the NYPD to know what they need if the community does not communi cate

Women During The American Society Essay - 1309 Words

In society there are different gender roles. These gender roles could determine how someone should act or think. Even though people have become accustomed to their specific role in life, others argue that a person can assume any role they would like to. Women in the American society argue that they could do anything that a man can do. However, some people think that there are certain aspects that make a woman a woman or a man a man. Women in combat is a controversial topic in the United States. Many people think that women should not be in combat because they can not perform the way a man could. In most cultures the men tend to be strong and fight, while the women are more nurturing or mothering (Conley, 284). The reason that men and women have different characteristics is because they are biologically different (Conley, 284). People have an assumed gender before they are even born and develop more of an identity as they go through life (Conley, 284). We want people to assume a certain gender so that they are considered normal. People do not necessarily like change or things that they do not understand, so they like to stick with the normal. However, women in America tried to change the ways of gender roles. In the 1950’s, the ideal family was a nuclear family. A nuclear family consists of a working father and a domestic mother (Conley, 289). Women were expected to stay home with the children, cook, and clean. Women were supposed to maintain a specific role in society toShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Women During The American Society2107 Words   |  9 PagesPaper The role of women in the American society Throughout this paper I will be discussing the role of women in the American society. I will reference the importance of gender and gender inequality. The definition of gender aims to clarify for of all the historical framework of the topic, the role of women in the American society. The paper will lead from the role women were given around World War II and then transition into the role women can now choose in the American society today. Addition toRead MoreWomen During Combat War : American Society Changed And Evolved At A Record Pace Over The Past Decade Essay1765 Words   |  8 PagesWomen in Combat Arms American Society has changed and evolved at a record pace over the past decade. Technology, social media, sexual orientation, and race relations have all been hotly debated topics. On January 24, 2013, when then-Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta rescinded the rule that restricted women from serving in combat units and directed the Armed Services to review their occupational standards and assignment policies, the discussion of women in Combat Arms was thrust into the limelightRead MoreWomen Reform Dbq1105 Words   |  5 PagesDBQ During the time period from the end of the American Revolution to the Civil War, American womanhood changed greatly. Due to differing beliefs during the time the American women’s ideals became to change. At the time, main beliefs were the â€Å"republican motherhood†, or the thought that women had power in the country’s politics in the sense that they raised the next generation, and the â€Å"cult of domesticity†, or the thought that women should be submissive, moral, and take care of their husbands andRead MoreThe War On The Home Front1112 Words   |  5 Pagesthe cultural norms, and society at large, had changed greatly during a short amount of time due to these events. The United States was fight a war on two fronts, both at home and overseas. The wars overseas had great influence and impact on the successes that would come over time on the home front. Without these wars and times of trials and tribulations, the civil rights movement and society as a w hole, would most likely have not had made as large of a shift as it did. During WWII, two groups thatRead MoreEssay What was the role of all colonial women1092 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ During the colonial times in America, fight against the British, many people in the society played an important role in ensuring that their quest for freedom is achieved. The men were at the fore-front fighting against the colonialists. Some women to were part of the army that fought against the British. The women not only participated in the war, but also ensured that the men are very equipped for war through the various services that they provided. Everyone had a role to play, even the childrenRead MoreEssay on Sula1337 Words   |  6 PagesSula are not only women living in a patriarchal world, they are also African American, which further exposes them to mistreatment and pre-determined societal roles. African Americans during the 1920’s were experiencing great social injustices and mistreatment, along with the likes of women who were also experiencing inequality to a lesser degree during this time as well. In her novel Sula, by addressing and shedding light on the many ac ts of racism and sexism that occurred during the 1920’s, ToniRead MoreChinese American Women Defense Workers During World War II912 Words   |  4 PagesIn Xiaojian Zhao’s essay, â€Å"Chinese American Women Defense Workers in World War II,† the author focused on the development of Chinese American women’s accomplishments during World War II. Initially, after reading the essay, I felt a sense of pride and empowerment in my heritage as a half Chinese American woman. Zhao clearly states her thesis as the essay â€Å"focuses on the unique experience of Chinese American female defense workers in the San Francisco Bay Area.† I believe the author’s purpose is toRead MoreAnalysis Of Gloria Naylor s The Women Of Brewster Place896 Words   |  4 PagesGloria Naylor’s â€Å"The Women of Brewster Place† and Amiri Baraka’s â€Å"Dutchman†, there is a heavy emphasis on society. Particularly how society influences interacti on not just among African Americans, but interactions among whites and African Americans as seen is Baraka’s â€Å"Dutchman.† However, both novels also continue to portray a reoccurring theme that has been prevalent within this course, which is the struggle of African American’s in society. Throughout both works, society plays a large role onRead MorePrimary Source Analysis : Virginian Luxuries1339 Words   |  6 PagesRelationships of power that featured in â€Å"Virginian Luxuries† (Document 1) include the relation between white power and African American slaves. On the left side of the portrait, their seems to be a white male kissing an enslave women, which is very ironic during this time period. On the left side of the portrait, it seems to be a white slave owner, whipping an African American slave. 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Preparation Stpm free essay sample

FourThe Boscombe Valley Mystery Synopsis Sherlock Holmes arrives in Boscombe Valley with Mr Watson from London to investigate the horrid death of Mr Charles McCarthy, who was supposedly murdered by his son, James. Charles McCarthy is an Australian, who later settles in Boscombe Valley. Charles McCarthy’s family lives on the estate of Mr John Turner, in Boscombe Valley, near Ross-on-Wye. No one knows anything much about Turner, who is also from Australia and had come to England twenty years before. Turner has an eighteen-year-old daughter, Alice, and Charles has a son, James. Both McCarthy’s wife and Turner’s wife are dead. Charles wants his son, James to marry Alice. Although James loves Alice, he cannot marry her as he is already married to a barmaid. However, John Turner does not want his daughter to marry James. He becomes very ill after the murder of Charles and does not have long to live. We will write a custom essay sample on Preparation Stpm or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page James is arrested as he is the main suspect in the murder of his father, Charles. Inspector Lestrade thinks James is guilty but Alice thinks he is innocent. Alice sends Holmes a telegram asking for his help in proving James’ innocence. Holmes and Watson go to Boscombe Valley to investigate the murder. Holmes visits James in prison to find out his version of the story. Then, Holmes and Watson meet Inspector Lestrade at Boscombe Pool the following day to look for more clues. Holmes is sure that Charles knew his murderer. He finds two sets of footprints which he thinks belong to James and the gamekeeper, Me Moran. The third set of footprints is very unusual because†¦ . The rest of the story describes how Holmes solves the mystery and discovers who the murderer really is. Based on The Boscombe Valley Mystery written by Arthur Conan Doyle, write on an important theme. Give evidence from the text to support your answer. One of the important themes in the story The Boscombe Valley Mystery by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle is the virtue of loyalty to friends. Loyalty to friends includes being truthful and honest to friends as well as being true to our words. James’ problem in his relationship with Alice lies in his reluctance to be truthful to her. He does not reveal his marriage to a bar lady to Alice. This causes a lot of heartache between them. Charles McCarthy promises to keep the secret about Turner’s past but breaks his promises and blackmails him instead. His tragic end was the result of his failure to be true to his words. Holmes in the other hand, highlights the theme of loyalty between friends. Though he was a mere acquaintance to Turner, he promises him to destroy the letter where Turner confesses his crime if James is acquitted. Write a summary of the story The Boscombe Valley Mystery. Watson and Holmes go to Boscombe Valley to investigate a murder. The victim is Charles McCarthy. The son of the victim, James, is in prison as he is the main suspect. While the police think James is guilty, Alice Turner is sure he is innocent. Holmes interviews people and searches for clues to help him solve the case. Holmes finally finds the real murderer and James is released. Write about an important lesson you have learnt from the story The Boscombe Valley Mystery. Support your answer with evidence from the text. The lesson I have learnt from The Boscombe Valley Mystery is that crime does not pay. A person who commits a crime will eventually be found out and brought to justice, just like John Turner. I have also learnt that a person is innocent until proven guilty. Another important lesson from the story is that we must be persistent and determined in the search for the truth. Sherlock Holmes interviewed many witnesses and searched for clues in order to help him solve the case. Without his help, James Turner would has been found guilty of a crime that he did not commit. Write about a character that you find most interesting. Support your answer with evidence from the novel. The character in the Boscombe Valley Mystery I find the most interesting is definitely Dr. Watson. He is a loyal companion of detective Sherlock Holmes. He agreed to help Sherlock Holmes although he had a lot of patients to see. He is also very punctual. Although he had only half an hour to get ready, he was at the station on time. Apart from that he is very observant. He notices some unusual footprints at the pool. Watson’s notes about the injury the murder victim had sustained which is a blow to the left side of the head actually prompted Holmes to realise that the killer was left-handed, which allowed him to narrow the list of suspects. He is also a concerned man. He asks Alice about her father’s condition. He is also helpful. He brings the pen and paper for John turner to write the confession. Do you think the ending of the story is appropriate? Give reason for your answer. The ending in the story The Boscombe Valley Mystery by Arthur Conan Doyle is appropriate. At the end of the story John Turner realizes that it is wrong to take matters into his own hands. However evil Charles McCarthy was, he should not have committed the crime of killing him and he realized that crime does not pay. In his confession to Holmes, John Turner admits that he and Charles were enemies since they were in Australia. He explains that he was a member of the Ballarat Gang, a group of robbers in Australia. He and his gang had robbed a gold convoy in which Charles was the wagon driver. At that time, he had spared Charles’ life. Turner became rich and moved to England and turned over a new leaf. Unfortunately for him, he bumped into the driver of the stage coach he robbed, Charles McCarthy, who knew his past and the man blackmailed him. Henceforth, Turner has no peace because Charles continues to demand for money. He threatens to reveal his identity if Turner refuses to give in to his demands. Charles even demands the marriage of James and Alice so that James would inherit Turner’s wealth. Unable to withstand it any longer, Turner kills Charles. After committing the crime, he becomes very ill. Seven month later, Turner dies. The ending shows that although Turner resolves to leave his past behind and start a new life, he cannot escape from his misdeeds. Retribution comes in the form of Charles McCarthy. He commits yet another crime when he kills Charles. In order to save James, he leaves a latter with Holmes confessing his crime. Synopsis A man named Charles McCarthy has been murdered. McCarthy was killed by a blow to the back of the head while standing next to Boscombe Pool. Witnesses saw McCarthy walking towards the pool, followed quickly by his son, James; they also saw the two of them fighting violently. James is found near the body of his father with blood on his hands. Inspector Lestrade, the Scotland Yard officer who loves giving Holmes a hard time, is sure that James is guilty. But Holmes keeps defending James: after all, he notes, â€Å"Cooee† is an Australian cry, and McCarthy’s last words weren’t â€Å"a rat† but â€Å"Ballarat,† an Australian city name. Fortunately, James’s case is dismissed due to lack of evidence, James marries Miss Turner, and John Turner takes his secret to the grave seven months later.